Kepemimpinan Karismatik, Keadilan Organisasi, dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap OCB Karyawan Milenial Perbankan: Peran Mediasi Komitmen Afektif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33367/ijhass.v6i3.8112Keywords:
charismatic leadership, Character Education, emotional intelligence, affective commitment, organizational citizenship behaviorAbstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of charismatic leadership, organizational justice, and emotional intelligence on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among millennial employees in the banking sector, with affective commitment as a mediating variable. The research was conducted in Pontianak City, involving 250 banking employees aged 28–43 years who had worked for at least one year. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale, while the analysis was carried out through Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that charismatic leadership, organizational justice, and emotional intelligence positively and significantly affect OCB, both directly and indirectly through affective commitment. These findings support previous studies emphasizing the role of leadership, fairness, and emotional intelligence in fostering extra-role behavior. Theoretically, this research contributes to the literature by integrating three key antecedents within the framework of social exchange theory. Practically, the results recommend that banks develop charismatic leadership training, implement transparent justice systems, and provide emotional intelligence development programs to strengthen the affective commitment of millennial employees. Such efforts are expected to reduce turnover intention and encourage OCB, thereby supporting the sustainable competitiveness of the Indonesian banking sector.
References
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1996). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: An examination of construct validity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 49(3), 252–276. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1996.0043
Bilgin, N., Kuzey, C., Torlak, G., & Uyar, A. (2015). An investigation of antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior in the Turkish hospitality industry: A structural equation approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(3), 972–989. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2013-0425
Bizri, R. (2018). Diversity management and OCB: The connection evidence from the Lebanese banking sector. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 37(3), 233–253. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-03-2017-0063
Blau, G. (2009). Can emotional labor be fun? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(3), 377–392. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110910948301
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.
Carmeli, A. (2003). The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes: An examination among senior managers. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(8), 788–813. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940310511881
Chu, C. I., Lee, M. S., Hsu, H. M., & Chen, I. C. (2005). Clarification of the antecedents of hospital nurse organizational citizenship behavior—an example from a Taiwan regional hospital. Journal of Nursing Research, 13(4), 313–324. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JNR.0000387592.26265.0e
Colquitt, J. A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: A construct validation of a measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 386–400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386
Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1998). Charismatic leadership in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cropanzano, R., Rupp, D. E., Mohler, C. J., & Schminke, M. (2001). Three roads to organizational justice. In J. Ferris (Ed.), Research in personnel and human resources management (Vol. 20, pp. 1–113). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Dugo, D., Kant, S., & Alemu, Z. K. (2025). Servant leadership influence on organizational citizenship behavior with the mediation role of emotional intelligence: A case of public universities in Ethiopia. In Generation Alpha and Next Generation Leadership for Greener Futures (pp. 269–291). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9281-2.ch014
George, J. M. (1998). Salesperson mood at work: Implications for helping customers. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 18(3), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.1998.10754229
Greenberg, J. (1987). A taxonomy of organizational justice theories. Academy of Management Review, 12(1), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1987.4306437
Hackett, R. D., Bycio, P., & Hausdorf, P. A. (1994). Further assessments of Meyer and Allen’s (1991) three-component model of organizational commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.1.15
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
House, R. J. (1977). A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership. In J. G. Hunt & L. L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership: The cutting edge (pp. 189–207). Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.
Kazemipour, F., Mohd Amin, S., & Pourseidi, B. (2012). Relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior among nurses through mediation of affective organizational commitment. Journal of Nursing Management, 20(8), 1039–1048. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12025
Kim, H., & Brymer, R. A. (2011). The effects of ethical leadership on manager job satisfaction, commitment, behavioral outcomes, and firm performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 1020–1026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.03.008
Konovsky, M. A., & Pugh, S. D. (1994). Citizenship behavior and social exchange. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 656–669. https://doi.org/10.5465/256704
Law, K. S., Wong, C. S., & Song, L. J. (2004). The construct and criterion validity of emotional intelligence and its potential utility for management studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 483–496. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.3.483
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
Miao, C., Humphrey, R. H., & Qian, S. (2017). A meta-analysis of emotional intelligence and work attitudes. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 90(2), 177–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12167
Miao, R.-T. (2010). Perceived organizational support and job satisfaction on employee performance in Chinese SOE settings. In Proceedings of the International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE 2010) (pp. 987–990). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2010.255
Moorman, R. H. (1991). Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship? Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(6), 845–855. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.76.6.845
Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Organ, D. W., Podsakoff, P. M., & MacKenzie, S. B. (2006). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature, antecedents, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2001). Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality, 15(6), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.416
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 107–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(90)90009-7
Rego, A., & Cunha, M. P. (2008). Organisational justice and citizenship behaviors: A study in the Portuguese cultural context. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57(2), 246–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00311.x
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
Sani, A., Ekowati, V. M., Wekke, I. S., & Idris, I. (2018). Respective contribution of entrepreneurial leadership through organizational citizenship behaviour in creating employee's performance. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 24(4), 1–14.
Schappe, S. P. (1998). The influence of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and fairness perceptions on organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Psychology, 132(3), 277–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223989809599167
Shore, L. M., & Wayne, S. J. (1993). Commitment and employee behavior: Comparison of affective commitment and continuance commitment with perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 774–780. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.5.774
Smith, C. A., Organ, D. W., & Near, J. P. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4), 653–663. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.68.4.653
Somech, A., & Ron, I. (2007). Promoting organizational citizenship behavior in schools: The impact of individual and organizational characteristics. Educational Administration Quarterly, 43(1), 38–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X06291254
Supriyanto, A. S., Ekowati, V. M., & Maghfuroh, U. (2020). The effect of spiritual leadership on workplace spirituality, affective commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(2), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p64
Van Dyne, L., Graham, J. W., & Dienesch, R. M. (1994). Organizational citizenship behavior: Construct redefinition, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 765–802. https://doi.org/10.5465/256600
Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective Events Theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: An annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews (Vol. 18, pp. 1–74). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Wong, C. S., & Law, K. S. (2002). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study. Leadership Quarterly, 13(3), 243–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00099-1
Zhou, H. (2010). Organizational citizenship behavior: New perspective of building high-performance organization. In Proceedings of the International Conference on E-Business, Management and Economics (ICEEME 2010) (pp. 339–345). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEE.2010
Abstract
Views:
96, 
PDF downloads: 55
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ridwansyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
