Mapping Islamic Legal Discourses on Domestic Violence: Media Representation and the Dynamics of Contemporary Muslim Family Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33367/nhff4v64Keywords:
Domestic Violence, Content, Netizens, Legal ProductionAbstract
Purpose – This study aims to analyze the legal opinions of Instagram users regarding domestic violence (DV) in Muslim families. The study focuses on how elite figures such as religious leaders, politicians, and influencers express their legal opinions on social media, as well as how these opinions are received, responded to, and reconstructed by netizens.
Methods – This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis method. Data was obtained from content on Instagram social media that displayed legal opinions related to domestic violence, including comments from responding netizens. The data was analyzed through three dimensions: text, discourse practice, and sociocultural practice.
Findings – The results of the study show that netizens do not necessarily accept legal opinions expressed by elite figures on social media as the sole truth. Instead, netizens actively represent their own understanding, which is often contradictory to the content being presented. The branding of content figures and their ideological backgrounds greatly influence the content and manner of delivery of these legal opinions. Netizens' comments indicate that the digital public sphere plays a significant role in breaking the dominance of patriarchal discourse and creating more emancipatory legal production that focuses on victim protection.
Research limitations – The limitation of this study lies in the direct influence of social media content on the public's understanding of the law.
Originality/value – This study contributes new insights to the study of Islamic family law and social media by examining the paradigm shift in legal communication in the digital space.
References
Ahmad, F. “How Do Pakistani Drama Serials Discursively Represent Domestic Violence?” Qualitative Research Journal 23, no. 2 (2023): 145–63. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRJ-11-2021-0119.
Alfitri. “Protecting Women from Domestic Violence: Islam, Family Law, and the State in Indonesia.” Studia Islamika A27, no. 2 (2020): 273–307. https://doi.org/10.36712/sdi.v27i2.9408.
Ali, M., and A. Muliyono. “Analysis of Islamic Criminal Law Perspectives on Domestic Violence in Indonesia.” Manchester Journal of Transnational Islamic Law and Practice 19, no. 2 (2023): 114–22.
Brickell, Katherine. “Feminist Activism, Women’s Rights, and Legal Reform, Edited by MulkiAl-Sharmani (London: Zed Books, 2013, Pp. 246, £19.99 (Paperback), ISBN 978-1-78032-962-8).” Journal of International Development 26, no. 7 (October 2014): 1095–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3012.
Fairclough, Norman. “Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language.” In Routledge, 1. Preprint, 2010.
Gomez, Lina M., Ricardo Chalmeta, and Juan Carlos Sosa-Varela. “Usage and Importance of Social Media for Corporate Communication and Stakeholder Dialogue.” In Thriving in a New World Economy, edited by Kirk Plangger, 56–59. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24148-7_18.
Haider, Jalila, and Miguel Loureiro. “Visible Outside, Invisible inside: The Power of Patriarchy on Female Protest Leaders in Conflict and Violence-Affected Settings.” Gender & Development 29, nos. 2–3 (September 2021): 411–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2021.2003096.
Hajjar, L. “Religion, State Power, and Domestic Violence in Muslim Societies: A Framework for Comparative Analysis.” Law and Social Inquiry 29, no. 1 (2004): 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1086/423688.
Hayat, Muhammad Jihadul. “PREACHING ISLAMIC LEGAL RULES ON SCREEN Conservatism on Islamic Family Law in Digital-Based Dakwah Program Mamah Dan Aa Beraksi.” Al-Jami’ah 60, no. 2 (2022): 427–66. https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2022.602.427-466.
Hermawan, Deni, and Syarifuddin S. Gassing. “Pengaruh Komentar Netizen Terhadap Citra Diri Dan Reputasi Sosial Media Pada Akun Instagram Nathalie.” IKRA-ITH HUMANIORA : Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora 7, no. 3 (2023): 242–50. https://doi.org/10.37817/ikraith-humaniora.v7i3.3402.
Holopis.com. “Soal KDRT, Kalis Mardiasih : Publik Boleh Ikut Campur!” 2022. https://holopis.com/2022/10/15/soal-kdrt-kalis-mardiasih-publik-boleh-ikut-campur/.
Husni, A.B.M., A.B. Mohammad, A.H.M. Nor, and M.A.-A. Samuri. “Violence against Women: A Comparative Legal Study.” Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences 6, no. 8 (2012): 1465–71.
Indonesia, CNN. “Kronologi Kasus KDRT Rizky Billar Ke Lesti Kejora Hingga Resmi Ditahan.” 2022. Accessed March 26, 2025. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/hiburan/20221013170917-234-860223/kronologi-kasus-kdrt-rizky-billar-ke-lesti-kejora-hingga-resmi-ditahan.
———. “Venna Melinda Blak-Blakan Soal Penyebab Utama KDRT Ferry Irawan.” 2025.
Jamaa, L. “Domestic Violence in Fiqh Perspective.” Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 13, no. 1 (2013): 65–80. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v13i1.952.
Kalachikova, Olga, and Maria Gruzdeva. “Gender Stereotypes in the Modern Family: Women and Men (On the Basis of Sociological Research).” Woman in Russian Society, no. 1 (March 2019): 64–76. https://doi.org/10.21064/WinRS.2019.1.6.
Kodaryani, Deni. “Implikasi Budaya Patriarki Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Rumah Tangga (Study Pemikiran Simone De Beauvoir).” In FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN ADAB DAN DAKWAH (FUAD) UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN). 2023.
Kompas, TV. “Kronologi Oki Setiana Dewi Dihujat Gegara Ceramahnya Dinilai Menormalisasi KDRT.” 2022. https://www.kompas.tv/entertainment/258228/kronologi-oki-setiana-dewi-dihujat-gegara-ceramahnya-dinilai-menormalisasi-kdrt-kini-minta-maaf?page=all.
Lea, Susan J., and Lynne Callaghan. “‘It Gave Me My Life Back’: An Evaluation of a Specialist Legal Domestic Abuse Service.” Violence Against Women 22, no. 6 (May 2016): 704–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801215610013.
Lloyd, M., and S. Ramon. “Smoke and Mirrors: U.K. Newspaper Representations of Intimate Partner Domestic Violence.” Violence Against Women 23, no. 1 (2017): 114–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801216634468.
Makiyah, ’Ulya Nurul, Luma’ul ‘Adilah Hayya, and Dwi Sufa Nada Qisthina. “Politik Representasi Identitas Perempuan Dalam Media: Wacana Kritis Pemberitaan KDRT Di Suara.Com.” Academic Journal of Da’wa and Communication 5, no. 1 (2024): 65–84. https://doi.org/10.22515/ajdc.v5i1.8158.
Marwantika, Asna Istya, and Ananda Erliyana Putri. “Tolak Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Dan Cancel Culture : Respon Netizen Dalam Kasus Lesti-Rizky Billar.” … Dan Gerakan Sosial 01, no. 01 (2022): 885–99.
McAlister, Siobhán, Gail Neill, Nicola Carr, and Clare Dwyer. “Gender, Violence and Cultures of Silence: Young Women and Paramilitary Violence.” Journal of Youth Studies 25, no. 8 (September 2022): 1148–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1942807.
Nisa, Eva F. “Creative and Lucrative Dawa: The Visual Culture of Instagram amongst Female Muslim Youth in Indonesia.” Asiascape: Digital Asia 5, nos. 1–2 (2018): 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340085.
Nizami, Auliya Ghazna, and Muhammad Haidar. “A Netnography and Contemporary Islamic Family Law Studies on the Controversy of Period Sex Trends on Social Media Twitter (X).” Indonesian Journal of Law and Islamic Law (IJLIL) 6, no. 2 (2024): 12–29. https://doi.org/10.35719/ijlil.v6i2.429.
Novri, Hanafia;, and Surya; Mustar Mukti. “REFORMASI HUKUM KELUARGA DI ERA DISRUPSI : MENYIKAPI.” Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi 2 (2025): 269–77.
Oh, Jeeyun, Hayoung Sally Lim, and Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang. “How Interactive Storytelling Persuades: The Mediating Role of Website Contingency and Narrative Transportation.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 64, no. 5 (December 2020): 714–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2020.1848180.
Rekno Sulandjari, Retno Djohar Juliani, Agustien Zulaidah, and Fitri Darayani. “Hubungan Literasi Digital Perempuan Dalam Media Online Untuk Antisipasi Fenomena Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (Kdrt).” MIMBAR ADMINISTRASI FISIP UNTAG Semarang 20, no. 1 (2023): 222–34. https://doi.org/10.56444/mia.v20i1.680.
Romito, Patrizia. A Deafening Silence: Hidden Violence against Women and Children. 1st ed. Translated by Janet Eastwood. Bristol University Press, 2008. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9qgvgr.
Rowan, Diana, Ulrika Järkestig-Berggren, Donna McAuliffe, and Innette Cambridge. Social Media and Its Impact on Social Development: Advancing Intercultural Competence Through the Use of Technology: The 6 Continents Project. Milton Park: Routledge, 2014. https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/en/publications/social-media-and-its-impact-on-social-development-advancing-inter.
Salsabila Febryanti, Nurist Surayya Ulfa, Lintang Ratri Rahmiaji. “Misogynistic Commentary Pada Kasus KDRT Dalam Akun Instagram Lesti Kejora.” Interaksi Onlineeraksi Online 16, no. 1 (2025): 39–55.
Stieglitz, Stefan, and Linh Dang-Xuan. “Emotions and Information Diffusion in Social Media—Sentiment of Microblogs and Sharing Behavior.” Journal of Management Information Systems 29, no. 4 (April 2013): 217–48. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222290408.
Tasruddin, Ramsiah, and Artikel Penelitian. “Peran Media Sosial Sebagai Platform Dakwah Di Era Digital: Studi Kasus Pada Generasi Milenial The Role of Social Media as a Platform for Preaching in the Digital Era: A Case Study on the Millennial Generation.” Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains 8, no. 1 (2025): 872–81. https://doi.org/10.56338/jks.v8i1.6862.
Tavares Soares, G., C. de Araújo Rezende Gonçalves, E. Aparecida Policarpo, B. de Souza Prado, G.K. de Pádula Batista Machado, D. Miotto Araújo, M.P.V.N. Ribeiro Sanchez, M.A. Mota Rodrigues, and W.A. Dos Santos. “Domestic Violence: How Violence against Women Manifests Itself in Media Discourse.” Seminars in Medical Writing and Education 3 (2024). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.56294/mw2024570.
Tizro, Z. Domestic Violence in Iran: Women, Marriage and Islam. Domestic Violence in Iran: Women, Marriage and Islam. 2013. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203801543.
Tsamaradki. Belajar Dari KDRT Venna Melinda. Aired 2023.
Uzun-Weidner, Nil, and Asu Bora. “Women’s and Feminist Movements.” In Authoritarianism and Resistance in Turkey: Conversations on Democratic and Social Challenges. United States: Springer, 2018. https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/960444.
Yazid, Mhd. “NEGLECTING WOMEN’S RIGHTS: Indonesian YouTube Preachers’ Legal Opinion on Polygamy.” Al-Ahwal 16, no. 1 (2023): 69–88. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2023.16104.
Ahmad, F. “How Do Pakistani Drama Serials Discursively Represent Domestic Violence?” Qualitative Research Journal 23, no. 2 (2023): 145–63. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRJ-11-2021-0119.
Alfitri. “Protecting Women from Domestic Violence: Islam, Family Law, and the State in Indonesia.” Studia Islamika A27, no. 2 (2020): 273–307. https://doi.org/10.36712/sdi.v27i2.9408.
Ali, M., and A. Muliyono. “Analysis of Islamic Criminal Law Perspectives on Domestic Violence in Indonesia.” Manchester Journal of Transnational Islamic Law and Practice 19, no. 2 (2023): 114–22.
Brickell, Katherine. “Feminist Activism, Women’s Rights, and Legal Reform, Edited by MulkiAl-Sharmani (London: Zed Books, 2013, Pp. 246, £19.99 (Paperback), ISBN 978-1-78032-962-8).” Journal of International Development 26, no. 7 (October 2014): 1095–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3012.
Fairclough, Norman. “Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language.” In Routledge, 1. Preprint, 2010.
Gomez, Lina M., Ricardo Chalmeta, and Juan Carlos Sosa-Varela. “Usage and Importance of Social Media for Corporate Communication and Stakeholder Dialogue.” In Thriving in a New World Economy, edited by Kirk Plangger, 56–59. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24148-7_18.
Haider, Jalila, and Miguel Loureiro. “Visible Outside, Invisible inside: The Power of Patriarchy on Female Protest Leaders in Conflict and Violence-Affected Settings.” Gender & Development 29, nos. 2–3 (September 2021): 411–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2021.2003096.
Hajjar, L. “Religion, State Power, and Domestic Violence in Muslim Societies: A Framework for Comparative Analysis.” Law and Social Inquiry 29, no. 1 (2004): 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1086/423688.
Hayat, Muhammad Jihadul. “PREACHING ISLAMIC LEGAL RULES ON SCREEN Conservatism on Islamic Family Law in Digital-Based Dakwah Program Mamah Dan Aa Beraksi.” Al-Jami’ah 60, no. 2 (2022): 427–66. https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2022.602.427-466.
Hermawan, Deni, and Syarifuddin S. Gassing. “Pengaruh Komentar Netizen Terhadap Citra Diri Dan Reputasi Sosial Media Pada Akun Instagram Nathalie.” IKRA-ITH HUMANIORA : Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora 7, no. 3 (2023): 242–50. https://doi.org/10.37817/ikraith-humaniora.v7i3.3402.
Holopis.com. “Soal KDRT, Kalis Mardiasih : Publik Boleh Ikut Campur!” 2022. https://holopis.com/2022/10/15/soal-kdrt-kalis-mardiasih-publik-boleh-ikut-campur/.
Husni, A.B.M., A.B. Mohammad, A.H.M. Nor, and M.A.-A. Samuri. “Violence against Women: A Comparative Legal Study.” Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences 6, no. 8 (2012): 1465–71.
Indonesia, CNN. “Kronologi Kasus KDRT Rizky Billar Ke Lesti Kejora Hingga Resmi Ditahan.” 2022. Accessed March 26, 2025. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/hiburan/20221013170917-234-860223/kronologi-kasus-kdrt-rizky-billar-ke-lesti-kejora-hingga-resmi-ditahan.
———. “Venna Melinda Blak-Blakan Soal Penyebab Utama KDRT Ferry Irawan.” 2025.
Jamaa, L. “Domestic Violence in Fiqh Perspective.” Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 13, no. 1 (2013): 65–80. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v13i1.952.
Kalachikova, Olga, and Maria Gruzdeva. “Gender Stereotypes in the Modern Family: Women and Men (On the Basis of Sociological Research).” Woman in Russian Society, no. 1 (March 2019): 64–76. https://doi.org/10.21064/WinRS.2019.1.6.
Kodaryani, Deni. “Implikasi Budaya Patriarki Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Rumah Tangga (Study Pemikiran Simone De Beauvoir).” In FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN ADAB DAN DAKWAH (FUAD) UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN). 2023.
Kompas, TV. “Kronologi Oki Setiana Dewi Dihujat Gegara Ceramahnya Dinilai Menormalisasi KDRT.” 2022. https://www.kompas.tv/entertainment/258228/kronologi-oki-setiana-dewi-dihujat-gegara-ceramahnya-dinilai-menormalisasi-kdrt-kini-minta-maaf?page=all.
Lea, Susan J., and Lynne Callaghan. “‘It Gave Me My Life Back’: An Evaluation of a Specialist Legal Domestic Abuse Service.” Violence Against Women 22, no. 6 (May 2016): 704–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801215610013.
Lloyd, M., and S. Ramon. “Smoke and Mirrors: U.K. Newspaper Representations of Intimate Partner Domestic Violence.” Violence Against Women 23, no. 1 (2017): 114–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801216634468.
Makiyah, ’Ulya Nurul, Luma’ul ‘Adilah Hayya, and Dwi Sufa Nada Qisthina. “Politik Representasi Identitas Perempuan Dalam Media: Wacana Kritis Pemberitaan KDRT Di Suara.Com.” Academic Journal of Da’wa and Communication 5, no. 1 (2024): 65–84. https://doi.org/10.22515/ajdc.v5i1.8158.
Marwantika, Asna Istya, and Ananda Erliyana Putri. “Tolak Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Dan Cancel Culture : Respon Netizen Dalam Kasus Lesti-Rizky Billar.” … Dan Gerakan Sosial 01, no. 01 (2022): 885–99.
McAlister, Siobhán, Gail Neill, Nicola Carr, and Clare Dwyer. “Gender, Violence and Cultures of Silence: Young Women and Paramilitary Violence.” Journal of Youth Studies 25, no. 8 (September 2022): 1148–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1942807.
Nisa, Eva F. “Creative and Lucrative Dawa: The Visual Culture of Instagram amongst Female Muslim Youth in Indonesia.” Asiascape: Digital Asia 5, nos. 1–2 (2018): 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340085.
Nizami, Auliya Ghazna, and Muhammad Haidar. “A Netnography and Contemporary Islamic Family Law Studies on the Controversy of Period Sex Trends on Social Media Twitter (X).” Indonesian Journal of Law and Islamic Law (IJLIL) 6, no. 2 (2024): 12–29. https://doi.org/10.35719/ijlil.v6i2.429.
Novri, Hanafia;, and Surya; Mustar Mukti. “REFORMASI HUKUM KELUARGA DI ERA DISRUPSI : MENYIKAPI.” Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi 2 (2025): 269–77.
Oh, Jeeyun, Hayoung Sally Lim, and Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang. “How Interactive Storytelling Persuades: The Mediating Role of Website Contingency and Narrative Transportation.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 64, no. 5 (December 2020): 714–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2020.1848180.
Rekno Sulandjari, Retno Djohar Juliani, Agustien Zulaidah, and Fitri Darayani. “Hubungan Literasi Digital Perempuan Dalam Media Online Untuk Antisipasi Fenomena Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (Kdrt).” MIMBAR ADMINISTRASI FISIP UNTAG Semarang 20, no. 1 (2023): 222–34. https://doi.org/10.56444/mia.v20i1.680.
Romito, Patrizia. A Deafening Silence: Hidden Violence against Women and Children. 1st ed. Translated by Janet Eastwood. Bristol University Press, 2008. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9qgvgr.
Rowan, Diana, Ulrika Järkestig-Berggren, Donna McAuliffe, and Innette Cambridge. Social Media and Its Impact on Social Development: Advancing Intercultural Competence Through the Use of Technology: The 6 Continents Project. Milton Park: Routledge, 2014. https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/en/publications/social-media-and-its-impact-on-social-development-advancing-inter.
Salsabila Febryanti, Nurist Surayya Ulfa, Lintang Ratri Rahmiaji. “Misogynistic Commentary Pada Kasus KDRT Dalam Akun Instagram Lesti Kejora.” Interaksi Onlineeraksi Online 16, no. 1 (2025): 39–55.
Stieglitz, Stefan, and Linh Dang-Xuan. “Emotions and Information Diffusion in Social Media—Sentiment of Microblogs and Sharing Behavior.” Journal of Management Information Systems 29, no. 4 (April 2013): 217–48. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222290408.
Tasruddin, Ramsiah, and Artikel Penelitian. “Peran Media Sosial Sebagai Platform Dakwah Di Era Digital: Studi Kasus Pada Generasi Milenial The Role of Social Media as a Platform for Preaching in the Digital Era: A Case Study on the Millennial Generation.” Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains 8, no. 1 (2025): 872–81. https://doi.org/10.56338/jks.v8i1.6862.
Tavares Soares, G., C. de Araújo Rezende Gonçalves, E. Aparecida Policarpo, B. de Souza Prado, G.K. de Pádula Batista Machado, D. Miotto Araújo, M.P.V.N. Ribeiro Sanchez, M.A. Mota Rodrigues, and W.A. Dos Santos. “Domestic Violence: How Violence against Women Manifests Itself in Media Discourse.” Seminars in Medical Writing and Education 3 (2024). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.56294/mw2024570.
Tizro, Z. Domestic Violence in Iran: Women, Marriage and Islam. Domestic Violence in Iran: Women, Marriage and Islam. 2013. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203801543.
Tsamaradki. Belajar Dari KDRT Venna Melinda. Aired 2023.
Uzun-Weidner, Nil, and Asu Bora. “Women’s and Feminist Movements.” In Authoritarianism and Resistance in Turkey: Conversations on Democratic and Social Challenges. United States: Springer, 2018. https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/960444.
Yazid, Mhd. “NEGLECTING WOMEN’S RIGHTS: Indonesian YouTube Preachers’ Legal Opinion on Polygamy.” Al-Ahwal 16, no. 1 (2023): 69–88. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2023.16104.
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