Perlindungan Hukum melalui Itsbat Nikah pada Poligami Siri: Tinjauan atas Putusan PA No. 43/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Batg
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33367/Keywords:
Itsbat Nikah, Polygamous Unregistered Marriage (Siri Marriage), Legal ProtectionAbstract
A valid marriage under Article 2 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974 is one conducted in accordance with religious law, provided it does not contradict the Marriage Law. However, in practice, unregistered marriages, including polygamous ones, still occur and generate significant legal consequences, particularly in divorce cases. This study aims to examine the validity of itsbat nikah (marriage validation) for unregistered polygamous marriages within Indonesia’s positive law, to analyze its position as a form of legal protection for wives in divorce proceedings, and to evaluate judicial considerations in Religious Court Decision Number 43/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Batg. Using a normative juridical approach, supported by literature review and case analysis, this research finds that the rejection of itsbat nikah in this case was legally flawed. The absence of valid evidence of the husband’s first marriage led to the neglect of the wife’s rights. Article 71 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) clearly states that itsbat nikah is designed to acknowledge marriages valid under religion, even when unregistered, rather than to legitimize unlawful polygamy. These findings highlight the need for more consistent judicial interpretation to ensure the protection of women’s rights in unregistered polygamous marriages.
References
Abdurrahman. (2015). Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Akademika Pressindo.
Adhabi, E, and CB Anozie. “Literature Review for the Type of Interview in Qualitative Research.” International Journal of Education, no. Query date: 2025-06-18 05:14:19 (2017). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Christina-Anozie-2/publication/320009898_Literature_Review_for_the_Type_of_Interview_in_Qualitative_Research/links/5bca1982458515f7d9cb8733/Literature-Review-for-the-Type-of-Interview-in-Qualitative-Research.
Alfitri, Alfitri. “Protecting Women from Domestic Violence: Islam, Family Law, and the State in Indonesia.” Studia Islamika 27, no. 2 (2020): 2. https://doi.org/10.36712/sdi.v27i2.9408.
Alhaidar, N. B., Muhajir, M., & Dhuha, S. (2023). The Closure of Isbat For Polygamous Marriage on Legal Purpose Perspective. AL-HUKAMA’, 13(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.15642/alhukama.2023.13.1.1-26
Allan, G. “Qualitative Research.” Handbook for Research Students in the Social Sciences, no. Query date: 2025-06-18 05:14:19 (2020). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003070993-18.
Bahtiar Tahir, M., Sahabuddin, S., & Marzuki, M. (2019). Juridical Review on Confirmation of Unregistered Marriage (A Case Study of Palu Religious Court). International Journal Of Contemporary Islamic Law And Society (IJCILS), 1(1). http://simkah.kemenag.go.id/asli.php?panel=4
Billah, Mu’tashim. “The Maslahah of State Policy in Responding to Unregistered Marriage: Inclusion of Unregistered Marriage on The Family Card.” Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Dan Penelitian Hukum Islam 6, no. 2 (2024): 136–51. https://doi.org/10.30659/jua.v6i2.31138.
De, Souza Monica. “When Non-Registration Becomes Non-Recognition : Examining the Law and Practice of Customary Marriage Registration in South Africa.” Acta Juridica 2013, no. 1 (2013): 239–72. https://doi.org/10.10520/EJC148457.
DiCicco‐Bloom, B, and BF Crabtree. “The Qualitative Research Interview.” Medical Education, no. Query date: 2025-06-18 05:14:19 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02418.x.
Dyanthi, L. M., & Suryana, I. N. (2024). Pertimbangan Hukum Dalam Penetapan Perkara Permohonan Isbat Nikah di Pengadilan Agama. Jurnal Ilmiah Raad Kertha, 7(2), 49–64. https://doi.org/10.47532/jirk.v7i2.1170
Elmali-Karakaya, Ayse. “Interfaith Marriage in Islam: Classical Islamic Resources and Contemporary Debates on Muslim Women’s Interfaith Marriages.” Religions 13, no. 8 (2022): 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13080726.
Febrianty, Y., & Sulastri, Z. (2023). Existence Of Registered/Unregistered Marriage Clauses In Family Cards From A Family Law Perspetive. Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Dakwah, 22(1).
Fitra, Tasnim Rahman, Noratinah Binti Yusof, and Anwar M. Radiamoda. “Sanctions and Legal Compliance in Marriage Registration: A Comparative Implementation of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia and Malaysia.” Islamic Law and Social Issues in Society 1, no. 1 (2025): 47–62. https://doi.org/10.64929/ilsiis.v1i1.10.
Ginting, Yuni Priskila, Putu Davis Justin Thenata, Ryan Jovan Susanto, Jeanette Olivia Kurniawati, and Jessica Carol Lee. “Pembuktian Kasus Hukum Perkawinan.” Jurnal Syntax Admiration 5, no. 10 (2024): 4251–62. https://doi.org/10.46799/jsa.v5i10.1711.
Gluck, Abbe R. “Intersystemic Statutory Interpretation: Methodology as Law and the Erie Doctrine.” Yale Law Journal 120 (2011 2010): 1898.
Hanapi, A., Mulyadi, M., & Djawas, M. (2021). Isbat Nikah Siri dalam Putusan Hakim Mahkamah Syar’iyah Lhoksukan. Media Syari’ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial, 23, 72. https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.9181
Hanapi, Agustin, and Edy Yuhermansyah. “Urgency of Marriage Registration for Women and Child Protection in Gayo Lues District.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 4, no. 2 (2020): 528–44. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v4i2.7942.
Iffah Fathiah. (2024). Itsbat Nikah Poligami Perspektif Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan SEMA Nomor 3 Tahun 2018. Mawaddah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 1(1), 14–38. https://doi.org/10.52496/mjhki.v1i1.2
Kusmayanti, Hazar, and Dede Kania. “Children’s Rights in Sirri Polygamy Marriage According to Islamic Law and Marriage Law.” Al-’`Adalah : Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum Islam 9, no. 1 (2024): 96–109. https://doi.org/10.31538/adlh.v9i1.4940.
Latifani, Soraya Ulfa, Moh Ali, and Dominikus Rato. “The Existence of Marriage Agreement Registration In Legal Protection Perspective.” Acten Journal Law Review 1, no. 3 (2024): 188–202. https://doi.org/10.71087/ajlr.v1i3.15.
Latifani, Soraya Ulfa, Moh Ali, and Dominikus Rato. “The Existence of Marriage Agreement Registration In Legal Protection Perspective.” Acten Journal Law Review 1, no. 3 (2024): 188–202. https://doi.org/10.71087/ajlr.v1i3.15.
Lubis, S. (2018). Hukum Acara Perdata Peradilan Agama di Indonesia. Kencana.
Mardani, M., Manullang, S. O., & Kusumadewi, Y. (2022). Problematika Perkawinan Tidak Tercatat (Nikah Siri) Dan Solusi Hukumnya. Tafáqquh: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Keislaman, 10(2), 255–268. https://doi.org/10.52431/tafaqquh.v10i2.1086
Mariadi, Mariadi. “Marriage Registration Procedures and Its Legal Impacts.” International Journal of Sharia Studies 1, no. 1 (2023).
Ningrum, R. K. (2023). Itsbat Nikah Sebagai Upaya Pencatatan Perkawinan Terhadap Perkawinan Yang Belum Dicatatkan. Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Pembangunan Hukum.
Pakarti, M. H. A., & Fathiah, I. (2022). Itsbat Nikah Sebuah Upaya Mendapatkan Pengakuan Negara (Studi Pengadilan Agama Garut). Tahkim (Jurnal Peradaban dan Hukum Islam), 5(2), 21–42. https://doi.org/10.29313/tahkim.v5i2.10064
Rahmah, S. R., Kadir, M. Y. A., Susanna, E., Astini, D., Delima, M., & Kamisah, K. (2024). Itsbat Nikah Dalam Rangka Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pernikahan Siri. Ius Civile: Refleksi Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan, 8(1), 86. https://doi.org/10.35308/jic.v8i1.9172
Rozendana, F. Z., Saiban, K., & Yasin, N. (2024). Itsbat Nikah Pada Perkawinan Siri Poligami Tinjauan Perbandingan Hukum Positif Dan Maslahah Mursalah. Al-Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Peradilan Islam, 2(2), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v2i2.14327
Syafa’, N. S., & Musyafaah, N. L. (2024). Isbat Nikah Pernikahan Poligami secara Siri dalam Putusan Nomor 3401/Pdt.G/2022/PA.Sby. Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum, 5(1), 50–72. https://doi.org/10.15642/mal.v5i1.325.
Abstract
Views:
142, 
PDF downloads: 131
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Muchlis, Hasim Purba, Utary Maharany Barus
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
